Definition: Anemia is a common disease that affects many people around the world. Anemia is a Greek word meaning “without blood.” The modern definition of anemia is any condition characterized by an abnormal decrease in the body's total red blood cell mass. It is also defined as a condition in which a person has fewer red blood cells than normal and feels very weak and tired. Causes of Anemia: The causes of anemia are all related to red blood cells (RBCs). It is primarily due to impaired production or increased destruction of red blood cells and is caused by blood loss and fluid overload. The most common cause of anemia is blood loss, although it has no permanent symptoms. Excessive blood loss can be caused by stomach ulcers, hemorrhoids, inflammation of the stomach, cancer, certain medications, childbirth, menstruation, surgery and trauma during an accident. Immune reactions, certain medications, infections, medical procedures and toxins, for example the use of a heart-lung bypass machine or hemodialysis, can cause hemolysis. Diet and hormones also play a key role in the development of anemia. A diet low in iron, vitamin B12, or folic acid can prevent the body from producing enough red blood cells. Symptoms of the disease: When you have anemia, the symptoms are not obvious soon. The symptoms of anemia depend on the pathology or cause of the anemia. Lethargy and fatigue are the most common and most pronounced symptoms of anemia. Lethargy is a mental state in which a person does not feel like working and fatigue is a physical state in which a person feels that they do not have enough energy to work. Other symptoms include feeling unwell (feeling unwell), dyspnea (shortness of breath; difficulty or labored breathing), poor concentration, palpitations, and sensitivity to cold temperatures. Treatment of the disease: Anemia is diagnosed through a blood test and once the doctor identifies the cause of anemia, different treatment options are available. Treatments may include dietary changes or supplements, medications, procedures, or surgery to treat blood loss. The goal of treatment is to change the average amount of oxygen that blood can carry.