This essay would examine the ways in which criminology has helped society understand the causes of crime and its consequences are the causes. It would also show different theories used by criminologists to explain crime and what they thought were the causes of crime. It can be argued that criminology has contributed to improving the understanding of crime in the 20th century through knowledge of the prevention of criminal behavior and how society responds to crime after it has been committed. However, the criminologist does not blame people for the crimes committed, but tries to understand why people commit this crime and explain it, instead of blaming them. Firstly, Lombroso's biological theory, he believed that criminals are innate and it is a hereditary behavior. Lombroso's theory was developed through his observation of criminal prisoners in prison, and comparing them to soldiers. In this research, he found that criminals possess certain characteristics that could be used to know them. He argued that criminals could be identified by their appearance and bodily qualities, such as their large face and head, large ears, large lips, crooked noses, huge cheekbones, long arms, and too many wrinkles. on their skin. Additionally, men with five or more of these characteristics are criminals and women with three characteristics are born criminals. However, it could be argued that Lombroso's theory contributed to the development of scientific and biological theories that are used today. However, he was criticized for using only prisoners and soldiers in his research; without considering that they are mentally ill and disabled. Furthermore, he did not do research on women who were criminals, but (Crossman, 2014) Then looking at the classics...... middle of paper ...... the crimes that the people commit and do not recognize inequality in society. Furthermore, he ignores that the rich commit crimes, but not under the same conditions as the poor. Subcultural theories hold that some individuals have ways of doing things that are different from the rest of the community. They believed that these groups of people commit crimes because they follow the ways of their own gang group and that the crimes they commit are not because they do not socialize within society, but that they hang out with bad people who are criminals and they end up committing crimes with them. These groups of people have different values ​​and beliefs than most of us; they also face a lot of pressure from their gang and society. This pushes them to commit crimes; because when they commit crimes within their gang they gain respect.