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Essay / Changing Blindness - 1378
Driving distractions are a popular area of research. Recent studies have examined what distracts drivers and what other lapses in awareness may contribute to traffic accidents. The purpose of this article is to review the research and explain how change blindness can possibly affect driving. A lack of awareness that appears to be linked to road accidents is change blindness. Rensink (2002) proposed that change blindness occurs when a change within the scene goes unnoticed, due to inability or difficulty detecting it. Resink (2002) also explained that change blindness can occur during a disturbance in vision, such as an eye movement or blinking. Lees, Sparks, Lee, and Rizzo (2007) examined the high number of motor vehicle accidents occurring among individuals. seniors and conducted research to uncover some of the common risk factors. Lee et al. (2007) used two types of attention-related tasks to carry out their research: useful field of vision and change blindness. Useful field of vision concerns memory and decision-making tasks, while change blindness concerns vision and attention (Lees et al., 2007). Although both are important, attention is required to notice the changes; attention determines the ability to report changes and look at an image as a whole (Pringle, Irwin, Kramer, & Atchley, 2001). The experiment used both a driving simulator and real-world driving conditions. While participants were in the driving simulator, controlled “dangerous” objects were added to the driving conditions. Lee et al. (2007) then asked their participants to explain what these dangerous objects were (e.g., a vehicle that did not stop at a stop sign) and were assessed to see if they acted appropriately. If participants acted middle of paper......Pringle, HL, Irwin, DE, Kramer, AF, & Atchley, P. (2001). The role of attentional span in detecting perceptual changes. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 8(1), 89-95. Rensink, R.A. (2002). Change detection. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 245-277. Silverman, M.E. and Mack, A. (2006). Change blindness and priming: When it happens and doesn't happen. Consciousness and cognition: An International Journal, 15(2), 409-422. Velichkovsky, B.M., Dornhoefer, S.M., Kopf, M., Helmert, J. and Joos, M. (2002). Change detection and occlusion modes in road traffic scenarios. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behavior, 5(2), 99-109.White, CB and Caird, JK (2010). The blind date: The effects of change blindness, passenger talk, and gender on looked-but-failed-to-see (LBFTS) errors. Accident analysis and prevention, 42(6), 1822-1830.