Dorothea thought Casaubon was intelligent and she thought she could learn many things from him. So, she decides to marry him. However, this marriage left him with a feeling of futility. Casaubon turns out to be petty and selfish. He has an authoritarian attitude that is almost arrogant at times. Additionally, he treats Dorothea in an authoritarian manner. He is restrictive and discourages Dorothea. She controls her feelings during her married life. It's a far from happy marriage. In chapter 48, Casaubon's health deteriorates. One evening, Casaubon asks Dorothea to make her promise to him. She doesn't know what the promise is. He wants to know that Dorothea will give him everything he wants. But she doesn't respond immediately. She asks Casaubon to wait one more day. Casaubon considers his hesitation to be a refusal. Dorothea feels compassion for him and realizes that she is imprisoned by her role as a wife. She doesn't have the heart to get rid of her feeling of suffering. She is a weak and cowardly woman. His self-sacrificing character suppresses his pride. When Dorothea decides to promise whatever Casaubon wants, she discovers that he is dead. If I were in his place, I wouldn't have kept his promise. We must respect the will of the individual. Casaubon is a repressive husband. He showed no consideration for Dorothea's feelings. Also, it doesn't say what the promise is. Casaubon considers his spirit of self-sacrifice his duty and he does not appreciate it. Thus, Casaubon's anonymous promise indicates their relationship with their marriage. Dorothea never knows her promise but she will comply with bad grace. Furthermore, Casaubon knows that his anonymous promise will restrict his lifestyle. He knows that Dorothea desperately wants ...... middle of paper ...... Dorothea takes the Casaubon's goal but she feels unhappy for it. Thus, Casaubon's action is not morally permissible because Kant requires that a morally permissible action satisfy both clauses. Dorothea could accept Casaubon's suggestion to make her promise, but there is a conflict with it. She realizes that he wants to control her even after she dies. Since the action of making him make his promise does not meet the two clauses of Kant's second formulation, the action is not morally permissible. In this context, Kant and Mills measure morality in different ways. Utilitarianism focuses on just consequences. However, Kant maintains that “thoughts without content are empty.” Agents have their own goal and have reasons to act. Kant focuses on the organization of means in action. So we say that science is organized knowledge and wisdom is organized life..