It is very difficult to determine the modernity of a society because there are different aspects to consider. Much has been written about the development of East Asia, characterized by various state interventions and regulations influenced by Confucian ideologies. According to Golden (2006), three movements followed the debate on modernity. The first being the “New Enlightenment” movement through which he defended the introduction of Western modernity in China; where capitalism is a means of creating free markets, eliminating government intervention, and promoting democracy. The second “New Left” movement deconstructs Western modernity, criticizing abuses of power and corruption in Chinese economy, society and politics. Finally, the “New Right” movement promotes “the use of the party-state apparatus to impose market conditions, without expanding transparency and democracy” (page 20). While studying Chinese history through a modern Western perspective presents limitations to various facts, it is equally detrimental to view history from a China-centric perspective. This essay presents various arguments in favor of Eastern and Western modernity; Ultimately, in the near future, researchers from both backgrounds will be able to use theories from both aspects to further deconstruct Western and Chinese conceptual frameworks.