INTRODUCTIONThe Battle of Chosin Reservoir was a crucial battle in the Korean War. The battle lasted 17 days in bitter cold, from November 27 to December 13, 1950. During the battle, the US X Corps was attacked by the Chinese 9th Army near Changjin Lake, called Chosin Reservoir. on American maps. Chinese forces quickly surrounded the American troops and forced them to conduct a retrograde attack in order to force their way toward friendly lines to the south. HISTORY In the summer of 1950, after the successful landing at Inchon by the American X Corps which led to the destruction of the North Korean army, the Korean War appeared to be in its final stages of completion. United Nations (UN) forces, led by the U.S. Eighth Army and the X Corps, were advancing north with the goal of completely reunifying North and South Korea. The Taebaek Mountains, an extremely rugged north-south oriented mountain range, divide Korea. The UN forces split into two groups during their advance, with the Eighth Army advancing along the west coast and the US Tenth Corps moving north along the east coast. On October 19, 1950, after repeated warnings to the United Nations, massive Chinese forces crossed the border into North Korea. After several minor skirmishes with X Corps, the Chinese People's Volunteer Army (PVA) decisively engaged the US X Corps near the Chosin Reservoir. Chosin Reservoir is an artificial lake located in the northeast of the Korean Peninsula. The battle took place in some of the most rugged terrain, in some of the harshest winter conditions of the Korean War. The few roads that were in the area were created by crossing the mountainous terrain of ...... middle of paper ...... rear cover forces to call in nighttime airstrikes to quell the attacks. [86 ] The fighting lasted until late in the morning of December 2 until all Marines managed to withdraw from Yudam-ni.[86] At the same time, the 1st Battalion, 7th Marines (1/7) also attempted to break the Chinese blockade on Hill 1419 on 1 December. 1/7 finally captured the summit and began marching through the hills on the east side of the road. On the morning of December 2, a joint attack by Fox Company and the 1/7th secured Toktong Pass, opening the route between Yudam-ni and Hagaru-ri.[90] Although the road has been opened between Yudam-ni and Hagaru. -ri, the convoy still had to fight through the numerous Chinese positions on the hills overlooking the road. The convoy reached Hagaru-ri in an orderly manner on the afternoon of December 3, with the withdrawal being completed by December 4..[93]