Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and, according to the WHO, was responsible for approximately 7.6 million deaths in 2008 (WHO, 2011 ). The most common forms of cancer in the United States are breast and prostate cancer (American Cancer Society, 2011). Over the past decade, anticancer drugs and cancer treatment have made insufficient progress. However, today there is a better understanding of the molecular basis behind tumorigenesis formations. This knowledge combined with the molecular diversity of natural compounds such as those found in mushrooms has opened the way to the discovery of new drugs. These drugs have the ability to target abnormal molecular and biochemical signals that lead to cancer. Research has shown that Eastern medicine has incorporated the use of medicinal mushrooms for clinical treatment for centuries. Over the past two years, scientific and medical studies conducted in Japan, China, Korea and more recently the United States have demonstrated the powerful and unique properties of compounds extracted from mushrooms for the prevention and treatment of cancer (Zaidman et al., 2005). ).A recent study in Australia showed that the Coriolus versicolor mushroom, also known as English turkey tail, possessed a rare compound that prevented prostate tumors from developing in animals. Coriolus versicolor has been shown to secrete a natural chemical called polysaccharopeptide or PSP (Ling & Bavas, 2011). It is a complex sugar molecule attached to a chain of amino acids. The strength of this compound lies in its ability to strengthen T helper cells, which play a crucial role in strengthening the immune system. Turkey tail mushroom has been the subject of many clinically controlled...... middle of paper ......o mushroom for cancer treatment. The world today. [audio podcast]. Extracted from Ng, TB1998. A review of research on the protein-bound polysaccharide (polysaccharopeptide, psp) of the fungus coriolus versicolor (basidiomycetes: polyporaceae) Gen. Pharmac., 30(1), 1-4.Wan, JP, Sit, W. and Louie, JC (2008), Polysaccharopeptide enhances the anticancer activity of doxorubicin and etoposide on human breast cancer cells zr-75-30. International Journal of Oncology 32: 689-699. Who (2011). Cancer sheet n°297. From the World Health Organization (WHO) website: Zaidman, B., Yassin, M., Mahajna, J., Wasser, SP, 2005. Medicinal mushroom modulators of molecular targets as therapeutic agents against cancer. Microbial Biotechnology Appl 67: 453–468.