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Essay / Plato, Aristotle and the Stoics on how to live your life
In the history of ancient philosophy, there were three important views on how to live your life. These were presented by Plato, Aristotle and the Stoics. Plato, presenting the simplest of the three, believed that one should direct one's life towards virtue, morality and harmony of the soul. Explaining himself in his work Gorgias, Plato makes Socrates and Polus talk about the relationship between happiness and evil. Polus answers yes, happiness and bad deeds go hand in hand. Continuing his response, Polus describes how a happy man is a powerful man. This powerful man can do whatever he wants. The example Polus uses is that he can murder other people, but he is not imprisoned for it. On the opposite end of the spectrum, Socrates answers no. Plato's belief is expressed through Socrates. Socrates states that the only things that matter in life are virtue and morality. Nothing else, like wealth or power, really matters to a happy person. For Socrates, a happy person is a moral person. He also believes that it is better to suffer than to harm others. Plato also expresses his views in Book 2 of The Republic through the story of The Ring of Gyges. In this story, there are two men, each with a magic ring. One is just while the other is unjust. The righteous man decides not to use the power of the rings, which would allow him to become invisible and do whatever he wants. However, the unjust man decides to use this power, but he is caught in his actions and is ultimately not happy. The righteous, since he does not use the ring, is happy because he is master of himself and has done the virtuous action of not becoming invisible for his benefit. Plato clearly argues in favor of the golden mean of paper which does not have the external good of health. As we see, only virtue is needed, but family and friends helped us. If a person performs a virtuous action with the right intention, that is what will make him happy. Even if this action doesn't end well because somehow their action turns negative, their positive intention will still make them happy. Virtuous action without positive intention will not make anyone happy, but will only satisfy them temporarily. A perfect example would be a rich man who donates money, purely for tax purposes. They give money to help themselves and don't care if that money won't help others. For this reason, they do not have a positive intention for their virtuous action. This rich man may have money, family, friends and health, but lacks virtue and therefore will never be truly happy..