The Federal Republic of Nigeria is a country located on the west coast of Africa. Nigeria has 36 states, of which Abuja is the Federal Capital Territory, and has over five hundred ethnic groups. Nigeria gained independence from the United Kingdom on October 1, 1960 (World Population Review, 2013). The color of the Nigerian flag is green, white green; the color green represents the nation's forests and abundant natural wealth, while the color white represents peace and unity (CIA World Fact Book, 2014). According to the National Bureau of Statistics of Nigeria, the total population of Nigerian citizens is approximately 166.2. million people. In 1960, when it gained independence from the United Kingdom, Nigeria had a population of approximately 45.2 million. Nigeria's population is approximately 2.5% of the world's population, meaning that one in 43 people in the world consider Nigeria their home. Nigeria's population is expected to surpass that of the United States by 2045. Nigeria's official language is English, but the country has several languages. The most widespread and common non-English languages ​​are Yoruba, Hausa and Igbo languages. In 2009, a study stated that 50.4% of the population was Muslim, the rest were Christian, and approximately 1.4% of the population practiced another religion (World Population Review, 2013). The total median age is 18.2 years, 18.1 years for men and 18.3 years. years for women, the population growth rate is 2.47% with a birth and death rate of 38.03 births/1,000 inhabitants and 13.16 deaths/1,000 inhabitants respectively. The total infant mortality rate is 72.97 deaths/1,000 live births including 77.98 deaths/1,000 live births among men and 67.66 deaths/1,000 live births. Life expectancy at birth for men is ...... middle of paper ...... it is dengue fever (Ehizibolo, 2011). schistosomiasis, meningococcal meningitis, cholera and HIV/AIDS, among others. Some of these diseases are zoonotic, meaning they are transmitted between vertebrate animals and humans, for example anthrax, brucellosis, bovine tuberculosis, to name a few. Zoonotic agents can be viruses, bacteria or fungi and constitute at least 61% of all human pathogens (World Health Organization (WHO), 2006). Anthrax is caused by a bacteria called Bacillus anthracis, brucellosis is also caused by various bacteria of the genus Brucella, rabies is caused by a virus (Ehizibolo, 2011). Malaria, yellow fever and dengue are caused by mosquitoes (American Mosquito Control Association (AMCA) 2013). Malaria fever is caused by the Anopheles mosquito, a vector that transmits the malaria parasite from one person to another (Boskey, 2014).