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Essay / John Locke and Karl Marx on Social Justice - 803
Social justice is the manner in which justice is meted out in a society as a whole or in its classes. Various unique ideas on creating a just society have been established throughout history. Two of the best known concepts are those of Locke and Marx. Although both have their ideas about a "just state", they are both very different in their aspects. John Locke's views on social justice and a just state began with his belief that all humans are governed by what he called "natural laws" and are protected by their "inalienable personal rights." Our inalienable rights are life, liberty, health and property. They are considered inalienable rights because they are God-given, and ideally no other human being could ever have the right to take them away or threaten their existence. One of Locke's most important concepts is that of the "right to property." He developed much further than the idea of possession of material objects. His idea of property rights centers on our right to our own bodies. This includes the very important idea that we can all live freely with the right to pursue happiness. Locke describes the state of nature as one in which all men are free to perform their own actions and everyone is equal. No person has more power or jurisdiction than another, and this is reciprocal. This means that if one person has the power to do something or make a legal decision regarding a second person, that person has the same power over the first person. In this state of nature described by Locke, men are governed by what he calls natural laws. As Locke says in the Second Treatise on Civil Government, "...and reason, which is this law, teaches all mankind, who will consult it, that all being equal and independent... middle of paper. .. ...children because of poverty and illness, were a factor that fueled his desire to create a just society. Marx argued that the class system created a feudal society. “The bourgeoisie cannot exist without constantly revolutionizing the instruments of production, and therefore the relations of production, and with them all the relations of society.” The proletariat made up a larger percentage of the population and, according to Marx, made it stronger. This, combined with the threat to their economic stability, gives them an advantage to form a revolt against the bourgeoisie. According to Marx, the complete elimination of the class system over time would be the key to creating a just society. In his ideal society, there would be economic equality and no class divisions. People could do whatever they wanted, so there would be no desire to exploit.