The first section was an introduction to the concept of ethics and morality. Morals and ethics have been defined and the difference between them has been established. Consequentialism is an outcome-based moral choice; work very similarly to cost-benefit analyses. It uses common sense to draw conclusions and everyone, including the user, is considered equally in the conclusion. Utilitarianism is a form of consequentialism that uses happiness as the basis for determining whether a choice is good or not. It is important to consider both the quality and quantity of happiness. Utilitarianism fails when consequences are unpredictable. Additionally, it does not take into account whether an action is good or bad, such as stealing or murder. Deontology or Kantianism takes into account Aristotle who believed that to be a good person one must have intellectual and moral virtues and that good people learn goodness from the people with whom they interact. with. Aristotle also believed that all beings had an inherent goal that they were trying to achieve; for humans, it is the full development of talents and morals. One of the problems with virtue ethics is that there is no way to make moral decisions in a complex situation; The best way to handle a difficult decision is to ask yourself what your idol would do. If you push the guy, three people will be happy and alive and benefit from your decision, but two people who won't benefit, one will die and the other, you, will simply not benefit. Since three happy and alive people weigh two unhappy people. So pushing guys is morally right in this case. For ethics, we first need a general principle based on the action we must do; “pushing someone is good” or maybe “killing people is good”. But the second statement is a consideration of consequence, which does not follow the rule. Next, we must universalize the statement; do I want someone to push me? The answer is probably no, which leads to a failed test, which means you're morally obligated to stand there and let things happen. Finally, there is virtue ethics, which is the trickiest to simulate because decisions are based on your model as an example. for the way you choose. If Jesus was our role model, that means we'd probably let this happen because one of the Ten Commandments is don't kill others, so you can just stand there. Or maybe if Spock from Star Trek was your role model, you'd push the guy because "the needs of the many outweigh the needs of the few or few ».