Conversely, an indirect relationship suggests that the trait decreases fitness. If the null hypothesis is valid, then there must be another factor at play that influences mating success. Therefore, it can be stated that female preference for tall Imperata brasiliensis plants has no effect on male fitness. A male with a poor quality territory will have the same mating and reproductive success as a male with a higher quality territory. Therefore, neither man has any advantage over the other. If females' preference for tall grass does not affect males' mating success, then perhaps the elongated, extravagant tails that males sport are what primarily influences mating success. For example, if researchers noticed that males with more partners had longer tails than males with fewer partners, the next step would be to conduct a study to determine whether mating success is influenced by tail length. the tail of a male. In some birds, such as the long-tailed widowbird (Euplectes progne), a male's mating success depends on tail length (Andersson and Andersson 1994). Literature cited Andersson S, Andersson M. 1994. Tail ornamentation, size dimorphism and wing length in the genus Euplectes (Ploceinae). The penguin 111(1): 80 –