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Essay / The Origin of Modern Man - 1944
Throughout history, humans have asked many questions about our own beginnings. Religion and science have examined what makes us who we are and attempted to answer the lingering question of our own modern origins. Scientifically, theories are still debated as to when, where and how modern Homo sapiens became what they are today. There are two major theories that now dominate expert discussions in the field of biological anthropology: the "out of Africa" model and the "multiregional" model of evolution. Stringer and Andrews argue that genetic and paleontological evidence supports a more recent extra-African model, as opposed to a longer multiregional method that also incorporates gene flow (1263). In contrast, Wolpoff, Hawks, and Caspari argue that the multiregional model is poorly understood and that resolving differences could instead strengthen support for this theory (129). Pearson notes that although people like Wolpoff et al defend the multiregional model, archaeological evidence seems to show that it is likely that no admixture between modern Homo sapiens and other archaic hominins occurred during the spread of the first Homo sapiens outside Africa (145). It is easy to see that the debate drags on and that its outcome is not clearly in sight. This article will examine the arguments made by these authors in more detail and identify their main arguments, the data they use to support their arguments, and determine which article is the most compelling of the three. According to Stringer and Andrews, the out-of-Africa model suggests that there is a fairly recent common ancestor that shares many of the anatomical characteristics displayed by modern Homo Sapiens (1263). This version is more parsimonious in that it ......middle of article ......question, we will be able to expand the research into why humans came from where they came as well as knowing where to go expect the fossil record to lie. Without debates like this, the research community might stagnate, but these debates foster new motivations to meet the still human desire to know.BibliographyPearson, OM2004 Has combining genetic and fossil evidence solved the riddle of modern man?, Evolutionary Anthropology 13: 145-159.Pearson, OM, Stone, AC2003 On the diffusion-wave model for the spread of modern humans. Current Anthropology 44:559-561.Stringer, CB, Andrews, P.1988 Genetic and fossil evidence for the origin of modern humans. Science 239:1263-1268. Wolpoff, MH, Hawks, J., Caspari2000 Multiregional, no multiple origins. American Journal of Physical Anthropology112:129-136.