The Indus Valley is located in northern India and is an important site regarding the beginnings of agriculture in ancient world. The geography, environment and timing of the Indus Valley are distinct from the region and different from other sites of agricultural origin. Many plants and animals were domesticated in the Indus Valley, and due to the region's vulnerability to flooding, technological innovations had to take place. The Indus Valley is important for understanding the beginnings of agriculture and early civilizations. The Indus Valley is primarily known for the rise of a great civilization, and this took place in the not-so-distant past. The first settlers of the Harappan region established themselves near the Ravi River around 3300 BC in a small agricultural village (Kenoyer 3). The date of 3300 BC means that agriculture in the Indus Valley appeared just 3000 years ago. Although the first agricultural settlements may have been small, large towns eventually developed. Other archaeological records estimate the age of early occupation of the Indus Valley to be between 2175 and 1750 BC (Fitzsimons 10). So, with this information, it can be concluded that the early Indus Valley had agricultural beginnings during the last 3,500 years. The region lies in a lowland valley along the Indus River, the Himalayan Mountains, along with other tributaries of the river, feed the river, causing severe flooding (Fitzsimons 11). Due to severe flooding in the Indus Valley, technological innovations had to be implemented to combat the problem. “Against the threat of the river, the men of this civilization built immense brick walls covered with fired bricks” (Fitzsimons 11). Although little evidence of irrigation has been found, perhaps due to the proximity...... middle of article......s, 16). It is important to understand that agriculture in the region depended on growing and harvesting plants when the river was full of water. The Indus Valley is therefore a formerly densely populated region of agricultural origin which has been largely invaded by the elements. Agriculture first appeared in the region within the last 3,000 years, and although technological innovations have been undertaken in an attempt to control the geographical features of the region, they have mostly failed. Plants and animals were domesticated in the region, including emmer and einkorn, as well as horses and sheep. The 3,000-year-old site of Harappa is important because when the river swelled, it usually started here and damaged agriculture further downstream. The Indus Valley is therefore an important place of agricultural origin for understanding the beginnings of agriculture..