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  • Essay / Nature and Culture - 920

    Nature and culture is a concept that was coined in the modern sense by Francis Galton, an English mathematician of the Victorian era (a person with extensive knowledge or learning). He stimulated debate with his book English Men of Science: Their Nature and Nurture (1874), which is considered "perhaps the most original of all the great Victorians" (Trotter 113). The concept of nature and nurture refers to a binary view of how identical twins develop. On the one hand, nature says that identical twins will develop the same way, regardless of how they are raised, because they are genetically identical. The other side, education, emphasizes that environmental factors are more important than genetic similarities. However, it has been shown that genetic (natural) predispositions have a much greater influence on the development of identical twins. The NCHPEG states that "monozygotic twins share all of their genes, while dizygotic twins share only about fifty percent, just like non-genetic twins." twin siblings. If a researcher compares the similarity between pairs of identical twins to that of fraternal twins for a particular trait, then any excessive resemblance between identical twins should be due to genes rather than environment” (“Twin Studies”). An example of monozygotic twins separated at birth – Jim Lewis and Jim Springer – first met at age 39, on February 9, 1979. Upon meeting, they discovered striking similarities. They had married twice, both times to women with the same name. The twins named their sons James Allan and also had a dog named Toy. These similarities caught the attention of Dr. Thomas Bouchard of the University of Minnesota, who studied the characteristics of the "Jim twins." Test results...... middle of article ...... important role in the development of identical twins raised apart. Works Cited Banerjee, Jacqueline. “Francis Galton (1822-1911).” The Victorian Web. Np, May 3, 2007. Web. March 18, 2014.Bouchard, Thomas. “Sources of human psychological differences: The Minnesota study of twins raised apart.” Science. Version 250. American Association for the Advancement of Science, October 12, 1990. Web. March 17, 2014. “Further twin research at the University of Manitoba.” » Minnesota Center for Twin and Family Research. Regents of the University of Minnesota, September 4, 2007. Web. March 17, 2014. Siegel-Itzkovich, Judy. “Nature versus nurture: human personality.” » JPost. The Jerusalem Post, April 8, 2012. Web. March 17, 2014. “Study of identical twins separated at birth and reunited later in life.” » Twins separated at birth. Np, and Web. March 14. 2014.