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  • Essay / Liberal Democracy and Francis Fukuyama - 999

    Francis Fukuyama argued that liberal democracy was considered the last viable form of political institutions. This implies that liberal democracy will become the last form of state rule. Fukuyama's argument was reasonable at the time he created it, because it was created after the Cold War and the ruling state was the United States, and they implemented democracy in the states that ruled over them. surrounded and in the states that were influenced by the United States. However, during the 1990s, it began to become more authoritarian type regimes. I argue that Fukuyama was wrong in asserting that democracy would not be the ultimate viable form for political institutions. States will be able to survive democracy because states and existing leaders want power, and they will get it by any means necessary. Another reason is that states have been able to implement capitalist or competitive authoritarianism. Finally, authoritarian regimes are able to survive because democratic states depend on authoritarian states for trade, so both democratic and authoritarian regimes benefit. Totalitarianism and democracy were the two extremes before and during the Cold War. Juan J. Linz and Alfred Stepan (p. 267) argue that there are two “poles”: totalitarianism and democracy. However, this remains the case. States are still capable of becoming totalitarian regimes, but states do not see this as a viable option given how states around the world depend on international trade and how ideology breaks a government. In a totalitarian regime, borders are closed and states do not trade with each other. Because totalitarianism rejected states that had totalitarianism, regimes had to find a new form of rule because of the Cold War... middle of paper ...... control much of the economy, authoritarian regimes are capable of growing rapidly. However, this applies to large states and not to small or medium-sized states which are more susceptible to collapse (Schmitter and Karl p. 543). Authoritarian regimes are able to survive if they are large states because they are able to benefit from trade, resources and have a large population, which allows their economy to grow. Authoritarian regimes are able to survive by being able to implement more democratic ideals. in their government. However, states are able to manipulate these ideals to act as if they lean toward democracy while corruption is pervasive. Although Fukuyama argues that democracy is the ultimate form of rule for states, it will not happen if states and their leaders want power and obtain it by any means, such as violence and corruption..