Commander's Intent is an essential element of mission command. The commander, by intent, must combine the art of command and the science of control that integrates all joint warfare functions. ADM Wesley McDonald, commander of US Atlantic Command (LANTCOM), failed to convey the commander's intent to the joint force for Operation Urgent Fury. This failure fostered misunderstandings and mutual trust issues within the joint force, which affected the integration of joint functions such as intelligence and sustainment. ADM McDonald failed to clearly and concisely convey his commander's expressed intent to the joint force. The commander must clearly and concisely express what the force must do and the conditions the force must establish to accomplish the mission. ADM Mcdonald received advice from the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) for Operation Urgent Fury. ADM McDonald relayed the directives to LANTCOM personnel who began the operation planning process. Based on his advice, the staff developed a phased operation establishing the end state and conditions for achieving this objective. However, LANTCOM excluded staff planners from other departments in the early stages of planning. The exclusion resulted in a joint force being unsure of the commander's intent and the role each service would play during the operation. For example, LANTCOM held a pre-deployment conference a few days before the invasion. Planners from the 82nd Airborne Division left the conference, unsure of the division's role in the operation. LANTCOM's plan for Operation Urgent Fury resulted in a Navy plan for joint operations instead of a joint plan for joint operations. Failure to convey commander's intent allowed a joint force to conduct independent operations...... middle of document ...... of Staff, Joint Operations, Joint Publication 3-0 (Washington, DC: US ​​Joint Chiefs of Staff, August 11, 2011), III-10U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff, Joint and National Intelligence Support to Military Operations, Joint Publication 2-01 (Washington, DC: US ​​Joint Chiefs of Staff, January 5, 2012).pg II-6U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff, Joint Operations, Joint Publication 3-0 (Washington, DC: US ​​Joint Chiefs of Staff, August 11, 2007), p. III-35. Richard W. Stewart, Operation Urgent Fury: The Invasion of Grenada, October 1983 (Washington, DC: US ​​Army Center of Military History, 2008), p. 12Richard W. Stewart, Operation Urgent Fury: The Invasion of Grenada, October 1983 (Washington, DC: US ​​Army Center of Military History, 2008), p. 3