This chapter presents an overview of relevant theoretical research materials on the self-care activities of patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Related literature is presented under the following subheadings. Section A: Literature relating to various aspects of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Section B: Literature relating to self-management skills of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Section C: Reviews related to the effectiveness of education on the diabetes in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.SECTION A: LITERATURE RELATING TO DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2Diabetes is a metabolic disease in which the body does not produce or respond properly to insulin, a necessary hormone to the conversion of carbohydrates. energy for daily life. According to the American Diabetes Association, 23.6 million children and adults, or about 7.8 percent of the U.S. population, have diabetes. The cost of diabetes in 2007 was estimated at $174 billion. Micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes are the most common causes of renal failure, blindness, and amputations, leading to significant mortality, morbidity, and poor quality of life. (JungukHur et.al, 2010) There are two different types of diabetes mellitus. In type 1 diabetes mellitus, the problem is that the pancreas (an organ in the abdomen) does not produce enough insulin. In type 2 diabetes mellitus, the pancreas does not produce enough insulin; the body becomes resistant to normal or high insulin levels, or both. This causes high blood sugar (blood sugar), which can cause problems if left untreated. In the United States, Canada, and Europe, approximately 90 percent of all people with diabetes have type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is a chronic... middle of article...... researchers from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and NIH. (National Institute of Health, 2012) The American Association of Diabetes Education published in 2010 that diabetes education can lead to lifestyle changes. Lifestyle changes are more effective than the drug metformin. 50% of participants in lifestyle interventions experienced weight loss of more than 7%. The incidence of diabetes was reduced by 58% in the lifestyle intervention group and 31% in the metformin group compared to the placebo group. Compared to no prevention, self-management reduces a high-risk person's chance of developing diabetes by about 11% over 30 years, the chance of serious complications by 8%, and the chance of dying from diabetes by about 11%. a diabetes complication of 2.3%. A 2008 study found that group education on lifestyle modification helps prevent or delay diabetes over time..