Noughts and Crosses 'Noughts and Crosses' by Malorie Blackman is a novel that follows the lives and experiences of two characters, Callum and Sephy. Throughout the book, Blackman addresses a number of issues, including relationships, alcohol abuse, abuse of power, depression, and violence. However, the key issues in the book are racism and prejudice. These issues of racism and prejudice are conveyed through the narrative techniques of characterization, point of view, language, structure, and context. The author uses language as a tool to show the characters' status in society as black or white. Various linguistic techniques are used to display the classes of society. The words "white" (used by black people to describe white people) and "dagger" (used by white people to describe black people) are used repeatedly throughout the novel. This use of language reflects the intolerant attitudes toward each other in Blackman's radical world. There is a significant amount of symbolism used in these words. “Blanker” is used to describe an empty, worthless, brainless white person. And "dagger" is used to describe a weapon capable of scratching and cutting, reducing and disconnecting a person, or even ending them completely. “I bet he was one of his most virgin friends, they are virgins in name and virgins by nature.” Through the difference between the formal, educated language used by the Crosses and the simple and sometimes tasteless language of the Zeros, the reader can see the levels in which the Zeros and the Crosses are separately classified. Through this technique, I think Blackman is trying to show how racism can affect people. It can diminish, deteriorate and have serious social consequences on a person, proving where they belong and what they will never be. Language is also used to emphasize Callum and Sephy's feelings and emotions. Blackman uses descriptive writing to give the reader insight into the effects and emotions of racism. “I spoke as if my mouth were full of stones – and sharp stones at that.” The book is full of descriptive writing and figurative language using similes and metaphors to explore Callum and Sephy's feelings. The way Blackman uses these linguistic techniques makes the reader particularly pity the white race and the way they are treated in the book. Blackman created his own world to resemble our own op...... middle of paper ...... effective in presenting both sides of their story by accentuating the differences in living standards, opportunities and rights. However, Callum's despair still affects Sephy, even if you are the rich daughter of a respected politician, Sephy will never be happy until she can be with Callum in an equal society. I think the authors values ​​and attitudes are clearly demonstrated through Sephy's misfortune. Blackman believes that love and family are more important than business, material possessions, money and skin color. Noughts and Crosses is an in-depth story that explores the issues of racism and prejudice and the effects they can have on society. Blackman has created his own world in complete contrast to the society we live in. In doing so, she impacted her readers, challenged our contexts, and gave the reader a better understanding of the effects of racism and the suffering it can cause. Blackman effectively used a range of narrative techniques to bring his world to life, giving the white reader a taste of the discrimination black people faced..