Review of Telephone and Data Network ProtocolsThe Internet protocol suite is a collection of highly related protocols. It is also commonly known as TCP/IP. TCP and IP were the first and main protocols developed for interconnecting networks. However, it includes many other protocols that collaborate with each other to perform each distinct task required for communication over and to other network components. Depending on the network topology and devices residing on the network, the protocols covered are IMCP, TCP, IP, UDP, DNS, FTP, HTTP, IMAP4, POP3, SIP, SMTP, SNMP, SSH and Rlogin. These protocols are an integral part of Ethernet networks; some are mandatory, some are optional, and some should be avoided but replaced with better solutions. Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is a network layer protocol. “It is one of the core protocols of the Internet protocol suite.” IMCP is primarily used to report network errors on the network typically seen when pinging or using trace routes when troubleshooting connectivity. The Transport Control Protocol (TCP) is the interface between the application layer and the network layer. TCP provides a reliable connection between applications and the network. Conversely, UDP does not provide a reliable connection. It sends packets without regard to delivery or sequence. However the advantage of UDP is that it is fast. "While the total amount of UDP traffic found on a typical network is often in the order of only a few percent, many key applications use UDP, including the Domain Name System (DNS), the network management protocol Simple Protocol (SNMP), Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and Routing Information Protocol (RIP), to name a few "3Internet Protocol (IP) is the protocol used to encapsulate data in a packet. , then assign a unique address to the source and destination of the packet in the packet header. "Because of the abstraction provided by encapsulation, IP can be used on a heterogeneous network (i.e. a network connecting two computers can be any combination of Ethernet, ATM, FDDI , Wi-Fi, Token ring, etc.) and it makes no difference to higher layer protocols”5 This is one of the reasons why IP is widely used and accepted in the telecommunications industry. The disadvantage of IP is that it is unreliable on its own. However, combined with the reliability of TCP and the flexibility of MPLS, this disadvantage becomes a moot point...