Animal testing involves many ways to test new drugs or products on animals. For example, “LD50, force-fed, forced to produce poison or toxic products and eat toxic products to know” what will happen to them (Park 13). Some animals will die quickly while others will take a while, during this time they will suffer as their insides decompose. Animal testing is a place where animal bodies are tortured in the most notorious ways. Draize and LD50 are the most common and cruelest experiments (Siegel-Maier). What Draize is an eye irritation test. To perform a Draize experiment, the animal's head is secured so that it does not move and the substance falls into the animal's eye and the results are recorded. The animal's eye remains closed for 3 to 21 days. This test is only fifty percent accurate (Siegel-Maier). The lethal dose in 50 (LD50) is where animals are force-fed to know the toxicity levels of the substances. The test is finished when half of the subjects are dead. Some of them take up to a month to die. The results from these experiments “demonstrate only the amount of a specific substance needed to kill a dog or rabbit, not a human being” (Siegel-Maier). This test is the most used and yet not very precise. Biology, chemistry, and physiology have many variations that make experiments performed on creatures inaccurate for humans (Barnard). For this reason, erroneous findings on human lives have been lost or put in danger. For example, a drug called Thalidomide intended for “pregnant women with morning sickness” was first tested on animals and found to be safe for human use (Park 16). Ten years after the release of this drug, approximately ten thousand birth defects we...... middle of paper ...... protected by the AWA, so these animals can experience extreme pain and suffering. The AWA is not enough to protect animal rights. The three Rs are reduction, refinement and replacement. The goal of the R is to find new ways or alternatives to animal experimentation. Reduction means using fewer animals in tests and making experiments more precise. Replacement involves using other things in place of animals, to find alternatives. For example, human skin cells, “by studying human volunteers and using epidemiological studies” (Experimentation). Refinement means “reduced through a much more rigorous application of the principle of unnecessary suffering” to animals (Cothran 71). For example, using more appropriate experiments on animals, providing them with better medicines and a better place to live. The Rs are already used by many companies and laboratories.