Table of Contents Rationale: Aim Under serve: example calculationVelocityGraphs of other servesStanding floatTopspin jumpEquation that models position versus time for the topspin jump :Equation that models position versus time for the flutter jump: Evaluation and comparison of servesConclusion: Deciding on the best serving methodRationale:This investigation will examine the dynamics of a volleyball after it has been served . The reason I chose this topic is because I love playing volleyball and I do it almost every day. Some time ago I suffered a back injury which prevented me from serving. Now that it's mostly healed, I'm starting to serve again. Now that serving is an option for me, if I actually want to serve in a match, I need to prove to my coach that I can serve effectively. Some factors that greatly impact the effectiveness of a serve include the height the ball goes, the time the team receiving the ball has, and the speed of the ball. Say no to plagiarism. Get a custom essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”?Get the original essayAimMy goal is to determine the difference in the dynamics of a volleyball when it is served using various methods. Serving methods include underhand serve, standing topspin, standing float, jump topspin, and jump float. By filming my teammates' serves and analyzing the video footage using Logger Pro, I was able to create graphs that model the trajectory of the ball for each type of serve.[*] The following image shows how I I rated the service by placing one point. where the ball is in each frame of the video to create a Position/Time graph for an underhand serve. The image is just a snapshot of the process, so it's not yet a complete chart. Underhand Serve: Calculation Example An underhand serve is where the server holds the ball in one hand at approximately waist height and hits the bottom of the ball with the other fist. . This is a very basic service method, but it will provide a good basis for comparison for other types of service. Equation that models position versus time for the bottom: maximum height. This impacts the difficulty of the serve, because the higher the ball goes, the easier it is for the defender to access it. Alternatively, this value could be found by finding the value for which the derivative of this function is zero, because the ball is instantly at rest when it reaches its maximum height. SpeedThe speed of the volleyball is an important aspect of the difficulty of a volleyball. to serve is to receive; The faster the ball goes, the more difficult it is for a defensive player to make an accurate pass. Speed ​​also impacts the time the defensive player has to move toward the ball, which will be evaluated later. In order to determine the vertical component of the ball's speed, the derivative must be taken from the Position/Time graph (this graph only takes vertical position into account, so taking the derivative will only give the vertical component of the speed). The velocity component of the ball when it is at a height of 3 feet will be evaluated. This height was chosen because it is the approximate height at which the opposing team's defense will make contact with the ball. Solve using the quadratic formula: The value for which the serving receiver will make contact with the ball cannot be negative, so the speed of the ball when thereceiver the pass will happen in seconds. So with volleyball when the opposing team receives it. The horizontal component of the speed remains unknown, but it can be calculated by trigonometry. The value for ? is unknown and can be calculated using the following formula where g is the acceleration due to gravity, v is the resulting velocity at and is the time the balloon is in the air (the time it takes for the ball to touch the ground). The following equation gives the value of atthe launch point, so the value can be directly substituted into the equation, it will work, because the horizontal velocity does not change in this model. Time Another important factor in the effectiveness of a serve is the time the defensive team has to reach and pass the ball after it has been served. There are two ways to measure this. The first is simply to calculate how long the ball stays in the air. This can be determined by finding the time the opposing team receives the ball. This has already been determined to be 1.82336 seconds. This assumes that the receiving team has full vision of the ball from the moment it is served, and can immediately know where the ball is going and move towards that spot. However, due to opposing players blocking the defense's vision and possible confusion as to where the ball is actually going to land, especially if wind is a factor, it is extremely difficult for a defensive player to know where to go immediately when the ball is served. So, a more accurate way to determine how much time a defensive player can use to move toward the ball is to determine the period of time the ball stays in the air after it passes over the net. This works because, although the defensive player can see the ball before it crosses the net, he usually takes that time to determine where it is going, and he begins to move after the ball passes over the net. This does not necessarily happen when the ball is at its maximum height, so one must calculate when the ball has a horizontal displacement of 30 feet (this is the distance from the end of the court, where the ball is served, and the net).Displacement formula: We assume that there is no horizontal acceleration of the ball, so the equation becomes. The time the receiver has to move towards the ball is the difference in time between when the ball passes over the net and when it is received: this time doesn't seem quite right, given the fact that from the image it appears that the ball crosses the net at what appears to be very close to the maximum height, which occurs at . What this tells me is that the horizontal velocity must be incorrect. I will continue to use these mathematical processes with the other service types and record the calculations, and hope the results will help me determine exactly what caused the horizontal velocity error. Charts of other Topspin services standing. Standing topspin is an overhand serve where the server touches the ball with their hand about an arm's length above their head. The server snaps his wrist when he makes contact with the ball, which causes the ball to spin forward, as the name implies. Standing Float A standing float serve is an overhand serve that is very similar to a standing topspin serve. The only difference is that instead of snapping their wrist, the server hits the center of the ball with a firm hand, causing the ball to have little to no spin as it passes over the net. Because it has no spin, air currents often prevent the ball from traveling in a directly straight trajectory, making it appear!