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Essay / Comparative analysis of theories of globalization:...
Like neorealism, liberalism considers the international as an anarchic domain, although liberalism seeks to project values of order, freedom and justice. Cobden suggests that war is unnecessary because globalization ensures free trade, which itself creates a more peaceful world by bringing mutual gains to all. Thus, globalization established peace because, after World War I, peace is not a natural condition but one that must be constructed and requires “consciously designed mechanisms.” Liberals believe that the best way to ensure this peace is interdependence. Woodrow Wilson believed that the creation of the “League of Nations” would preserve future peace and regulate international anarchy. “Collective security” was part of the League system which called for the neorealist principle of self-determination of all nations. This required nations to act, if necessary, against states they considered friendly, and in ways that might endanger their national interests, to support states with which they had no moral affinity. A difference between the two theories becomes clear when looking at the distribution of capabilities. Neorealists believe that there are three possible systems defined by the number of great powers within the international system: a unipolar system containing a single great power; a bipolar system containing two great powers and a multipolar system containing more than two great powers. Neorealists conclude that a bipolar system is more