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  • Essay / Sports and Movement: Improvements in Muscle Power

    The majority of sports include movements that require the production of force over a short period of time. Movements may involve sprinting and jumping which, according to research by McBride, Triplett-McBride, Davie, and Newton (1999), can be enhanced through specific improvements in muscle power rather than general strength. The 100 meter sprint is typically an explosive competition that combines distinct aspects where the athlete will go through the following four phases (Gambetta et al., 1989):1. Reaction time - the time between firing the gun and the start of the muscle response (Schiffer, J. 2009).2. Acceleration – it is the degree of increase in speed from the starting position to the maximum speed achieved (Schiffer, J. 2009).3. The maximum speed phase consists of the rapid repetition of activity and neurophysiological responses (Schiffer, J. 2009).4. The speed decline phase (speed-endurance) – the part of a sprint event for which neuromuscular fatigue or metabolic fatigue forces a sprinter to slow down (Schiffer, J. 2009). Different muscles are used at certain times in a 10m sprint. The acceleration phase engages the following muscle group, listed in order of priority: quadriceps, glutes, calf complex/Achilles tendon, and hamstrings (Chiu, & Barnes, 2003, Cronin, & Hansen, 2006 & Young , Benton, & John Pryor 2001). .The maximum speed phase will engage the following muscle group, ranked in order of priority: hamstrings, glutes, calf/Achilles tendon and quadriceps (Cronin, & Hansen, 2006 & Young, Benton, & John Pryor 2001). Requirements of sprinting repeated muscle contractions and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) will require restoration from other fuel sources. For starters, middle of paper......high strength qualities, greater volume loads achieved, and training closer to their overtraining threshold (Haff, 2004 Stone, Stone, & Sands, 2007). As part of the periodization training program, a number of key exercises will be adopted into the training plan, namely the squat and the power clean. The literature recommends, when comparing strength only and power only training programs, an existing strength and power training program shows that the squat and power clean are the two best exercises for improving body power. lower body, thereby improving performance in explosive lower body movements such as sprinting. (Harris, Stone, O'bryant, Proulx and Johnson, 2000). The periodization training program will be used to improve Mr. K's power to enable him to cover the length quickly and improve the speed of movement in the least amount of time for acceleration. (Bompa and Haff 2009).