Abbé Emmauel-Joeph Sieyès (1748-1836), bourgeois ecclesiastic, wrote a pamphlet “What is the third estate” (1789) in which he wrote about the current state of affairs and the Third Estate (Hunt, p. 107) The message of the Third Estate was simple. The present little privileged noble order was far from being useful to the nation (Hunt, p. 109). The effects of monopoly led to the current state of affairs which chained and oppressed all those who fell outside the category of the noble order. Those who did not belong to the noble order made up the Third Estate, which made up ninety-nine percent of the population (Hunt, p. 109). The Third Estate was made up of people who did the types of work that sustain society, those who worked the countryside, those who sold raw materials, finished products, and labor of all kinds. They were merchants and wholesalers; they represented private occupations which usefully and accordingly served the people (Hunt, p. 108). The noble order was the opposite of the Third. The noble order included public offices, the army, the courts, the church and the administration (Hunt, p. 109). Only the privileged order, lucrative and highly honored, could access public office (Hunt, p. 109). Sieyès describes the noble order as a function that considers itself a prerogative and order distinct from that of citizens, claiming that the noble order had privileges, exemptions and even rights that were markedly different from those of the rest of the citizens (Hunt, p. 109). Sieyès forcefully condemned the current political and social structures of the noble order, very politely accusing them that the noble order was a “law unto itself” (Hunt, p. 110). T...... middle of paper...... 111). In Sieyès' opinion, that of the Third Estate could only achieve this. “A body of citizens living under the common law and represented by the same legislature (Hunt, p. 110). Without the privileged order, the Third Estate could prosper freely and the best and most honored places could be infinitely better and occupied by that of the Third Estate (Hunt, p. 109). In Abbot Emmauel-Joeph Sieyès' pamphlet, “What is the Third Estate”, Sieyès describes everything that constitutes a democracy. The third estate was the right to common laws, political rights, and equality of citizens of the nation equal to all others within the nation (Hunt, p. 111). Works Cited Sieyes, Emmanuel. “What is the third estate? Reproduced by Lynn Hunt, editor and translator. The French Revolution and human rights: a brief documentary history. Boston: Bedford / Saint-Martin, 1996.