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Essay / Analysis of semantics and pragmatics in two texts
Analysis of semantics and pragmatics in two texts Linguistics is the science of a language. Linguists depend on using certain aspects to analyze, describe, and explain a human language; these aspects include semantics and pragmatics. Semantics can be defined as the study of the “meaning” of lexical words and expressions independent of context. Where pragmatics is the process of recognizing the “invisible meaning” of lexical elements and expressions; taking into account the intention of the speaker/receiver, the status of listener/receiver and the actual situation. This article will explain the process that we, as humans, usually follow to understand a certain text or statement. This explanation would be obtained through the analysis of two journal articles from a semantic and pragmatic perspective, taking into account a range of techniques associated with each of the two concepts, including: Semantic aspects: synonymy, antonymy, hyponymy, prototypes , homophones and homonyms, polysemy. and ambiguity. Pragmatic aspects: Deixis and distance, reference and inference, conversational implicature, anaphoric and cataphoric reference, presupposition, implication, speech acts and direct and indirect speech events, cultural context and cross-cultural pragmatics, conversational analysis and background knowledge, denotation and connotation meaning, the four maxims and hedges.Analysis of article oneWe will begin by observing the semantic and pragmatic characteristics of article 1 being "Men sulk, surveys say". This article is taken from the hot topics section of the popular MSN website. The main topic of this article is the medical concept of flu/cold, in which the unspecified author of this article discusses the reaction of men versus women when it comes to having the flu. The article also lists a number of reader comments on the subject. Overall, the first article is rich in lexical elements belonging to the medical lexical domain, such as cold, flu, Panadol, tablets, sick, suffer, diseases, chickenpox, depression, doctor, cough, headache, etc. The extensive use of these terms throughout the article was a necessity since the main topic concerns a medical condition. Another lexical field has been developed in this article being family relationships such as mothers, fathers, husbands, wives, children, etc. Antonymy or the use of two lexical items that represent the opposite meaning appear in this article, such as men and women, men and women, wives and husbands, mothers and fathers, let off steam and defend oneself, etc. the use of these terms in this article is more likely for comparison purposes. Most of these antonyms are relational opposites; these opposites indicate two ends of a relationship between people.