Ideational structure involves relationships such as thematic relationships and cohesive relationships between ideas and propositions in discourse. Action structure refers to the relationships between speech acts. The exchange structure indicates the turn-taking mechanisms between participants. The information state involves the ever-changing organization and management of the knowledge and meta-knowledge of interacting participants throughout the discourse. Finally, the participation framework refers to the means by which speakers and listeners interact with each other (e.g. the relative position of participants), as well as to the discourse utterances. DMs with ideational functions mainly index the coherence between ideas conveyed in speech, such as cause-result or temporal sequence. On the other hand, DMs that operate at the levels of action, exchange, participation framework and informational state are interactional in