What does the future hold for us? What will happen at the end of time? Will the Church be taken up to Heaven or will the Church remain on Earth? Are the Jews still God's chosen people? Has the Church replaced Israel? These and other questions have been asked since Jesus left Earth and ascended to heaven. Since that day, Christians have waited and waited impatiently for the return of Christ. The study of the return of Christ, or the last things, is known as eschatology, and within eschatology there are several schools of thought regarding the Church and Israel. These schools of thought are known as Covenant and Dispensational Theology. Two similar schools of thought within dispensational theology are known as classical and progressive dispensationalism. It will be argued that the Church is not a new work of God but rather a continuation of the divine channel of salvation. Classical and progressive dispensationalism will be compared and contrasted by addressing their different views regarding their understanding of the mystery, the kingdom, and the future of the Church and ethnic Israel. Definitions: Two similar schools of thought within dispensational theology are known as classical and progressive dispensationalism. Classical and progressive dispensationalists believe that there is a distinction between the Church and Israel; however, they disagree on the relationship between the two during the millennial reign of Christ. Classical dispensationalists view the Church as a mystery and hold that the Church is completely and definitively distinct from Israel, referring to the Church as a parenthesis in God's earthly program for Israel. Poythress writes: "The classical dispensationalist believes that during the millennium... middle of article ......ld and the New Covenants as the hermeneutic key to Christian theology of religion. Eugene, Oregon: Pickwick Publications, 2010. Toussaint, D. Stanley. “Israel and the Church from a Traditional Dispensationalist.” In Three Central Questions in Contemporary Dispensationalism: A Comparison of Traditional and Progressive Views, edited by Herbert W. Bateman IV, Grand Rapids, Michigan: Kregel Publications, 1999. Turner, L. David. “The New Jerusalem in Revelation 21:1-22:5.” In Dispensationalism, Israel and the Church, edited by Craig A. Blaising and Darrell L. Bock, Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan Publishing House, 1992. Vlach, J. Michael. Has the Church replaced Israel? : A theological evaluation. Nashville, TN: Broadman and Holman Publishers, 2010. Willmington, Harold. Doctrine of the Church. Lynchburg, Virginia: Liberty Home Bible Institute, 1988.