Since the Meiji Restoration era, democratization efforts have been undertaken to modernize Japan. A bicameral legislative system as well as local assemblies, although not elected, were created in the image of the Prussian model (Haddad, 2012, p. 50) and a Constitution granting absolute power to the monarch was drawn up. Although the main intention of the oligarchs behind the Constitution was to make the National Diet a consultative body, they "created a series of 'transcendental cabinets' that answered to the emperor" (Haddad, 2012, p 50). tools during this period because they had the knowledge necessary to enable the country to function. .... This emphasis on them stems.... As an important component of the mission led by Tomomi Iwakura to learn and bring back modern and advanced systems to the West that allowed them to be used to modernize Japan. .. Involving the adoption of the French police system, American agricultural power and capacity as well as modernization and lifestyle revolution (Haddad, 2012, p. 51)... built the country - technology, banking, factories, etc. the sub-cabinet has no legal existence, but most of the time since a cabinet was allowed to be formed, the sub-cabinet, a collection of the most senior bureaucrats in each ministry (usually the deputy ministers ) and the Chief Cabinet Secretary existed in one form or another. It meets to define the policy of their respective ministries in addition to forming a level for better coordination and exchange of information between bureaucracies and Cabinet politicians. In 2009, when the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) took power, attempts were made. were forced to continue their campaign...... middle of paper ...... In Building Democracy in Japan (pp. 46-72). Cambridge University Press. Koellner, P. (2011). The Democratic Party of Japan: development, organization and programmatic profile. In A. Gaunder (Ed.), Routledge Handbook of Japanese Politics (pp. 24-35). London, UK: Routledge. Reed, SR (2011). The Liberal Democratic Party: an explanation of its successes and failures. In A. Gaunder (Ed.), Routledge Handbook of Japanese Politics (pp. 14-23). London, UK: Routledge.Stockwin, JA Chapter 7: Who Rules Japan? In Governing Japan: A Divided Politics in a Resurgent Economy (4th ed., pp. 46-72). London, UK: Blackwell. (2011). Party politics in Japan. In J. A. Stockwin, T. Inoguchi, & P. ​​Jain (Eds.), Japanese politics today: From karaoke to kabuki democracy (pp. 89–107). New York, New York, United States of America: Palgrave Mcmillian.