-
Essay / Howard Gardner: The Development of the Theory of...
Howard Gardner, distinguished professor, author and psychologist, is best known for the development of the theory of multiple intelligences. Having begun his post-secondary studies at Harvard University, Gardner had an incredible interest in psychology and education. While attending Harvard University, Gardner studied under Erik Erikson, an esteemed psychoanalyst, with a particular interest in human nature and the way humans think. Gardner's passion and extensive research continued as he participated in several studies, while earning his doctorate in 1971. Upon completion of his doctorate, Gardner became a lecturer and professor at Harvard University, focusing his studies on education, as well as teaching neurology at Boston University School of Medicine. During this time, Gardner continued his research into human nature, devoting much of his time to Project Zero, a major educational research center. It was during this time that Gardner published his research on the theory of multiple intelligences in his book Frames of Minds: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. The theory focuses on an original list of seven intelligences that Gardner believes are individually developed in humans and enable unique learning styles for each learner (Smith, 2008). The first two intelligences described in Howard Gardner's book are the ones that are highly valued. at school and in various learning environments. The first and most studied is linguistic intelligence. Linguistics generally focuses on the use of written and verbal language, which ultimately constitutes the basic form of communication. People who excel in linguistic intelligence have the ability to use language in many beneficial ways. Linguistics is in the middle of the article......f how individuals develop particular learning styles, designed individually for each person. This relatively new theory, developed by esteemed professor and researcher Howard Gardner, contrasts traditional views of learners using just two distinct intelligences. Instead, Gardner's theory proposes five additional intelligences that all contribute to the different learning styles preferred by students. The theory also questions the teaching styles and assessments used in our education system. If Gardner's theory is true, then standardized testing disadvantages students with certain intelligences in the education system. If students lack linguistic or mathematical intelligence, but excel in other intelligences, such as musical intelligence, there is no way to discern this through a common standard test suitable for everyone..