As we entered the new millennium, Edward Said's article, "The Clash of Ignorance," appeared in the October 22, 2001 edition of The Nation. response to my thesis published for the first time in 1993, “The clash of civilizations? ". The following years saw many adopt his argument as a valid counterargument to my thesis. However, I believe his argument builds more on the notion of the clash of civilizations stated in my article, strengthening it rather than weakening it. In this article, I will discuss and address the arguments he had made. If you remember my main point in “The Clash of Civilizations?” ", I argued that conflicts of the future will be mainly due to cultural differences (Huntington, 1993). However, Said argues that instead of cultural differences, conflicts will arise from different cultures' ignorance of each other (Said, 2001). I defend my argument by pointing out that although Said believes that conflicts will arise from ignorance, conflicts remain between civilizations. For Said's argument to make sense, he must admit that there are and always will be differences between these cultures that are of sufficient magnitude for one party to ignore the beliefs and values ​​of the 'other. The result of either civilization not understanding or accepting the practices of the other side's culture is their eventual conflict (Huntington, 1993). Therefore, the basis of Said's view supports my hypothesis that future conflicts will be, firstly, between civilizations, and, secondly, due to their cultural differences. Said could argue against this from a social constructivist perspective, whereby these differences between civilizations will be what... middle of document......international security, 20(4), pp. 5-41. Gerges, FA (2003, March 21). “Will the US-Iraq war lead to a religious war? ABC News, retrieved from http://abcnews.go.com/International/story?id=79617&page=1HaLevi, Ezra. (December 27, 2005). “65% of Palestinians applaud terrorist attacks on US, Europe,” Israel National News, retrieved from http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/95535#.Un8428iwp94Huntington, SP (1993) ). “The clash of civilizations? » Foreign Affairs, 72(3), pp. 22-49. Juhasz, A. (2013). “Why the Iraq War was fought for big oil,” CNN, from http://edition.cnn.com/2013/03/19/opinion/iraq-war-oil-juhasz/Said, E. (2001, October 22). “The shock of ignorance”, The Nation, 273(12), pp. 11-13. Wendt, A. (1992). “Anarchy is what states make of it: the social construction of power politics”, International Organization, 46(2), pp.. 391-425.