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Essay / The Cosmological Argument and the Mystical Argument
The controversial topic involving the existence of God has been the pinnacle of endless discourse around the concept of religion in the field of philosophy. However, two arguments present themselves as the "best" way to justify the existence of God: the cosmological argument and the mystical argument. Although both arguments attempt to impose a strict modus operandi of solidified reasoning, neither proves to be a better way to explain the existence of God. The downfall of both of these arguments rests on the commitment of error and lack of sufficient evidence, thereby sabotaging their validity in the realm of philosophy and faith. First, the cosmological argument was developed by Saint Thomas Aquinas in 1274 through his work entitled Summa Theologica (otherwise known as the Five Ways). His goal was to prove the existence of God through sense perception. In part one, article three of Prima Pars, Aquinas states that to debate, one must engage with the opposing argument and then subsequently argue one's point of view. In this case, one must examine both the argument for the existence of God (theism) and the argument for the non-existence of God (atheism) in order to truly understand the argument for or against. The cosmological argument is divided into three parts, each containing different subarguments: In the first part, Thomas Aquinas states that the existence of God is not self-evident, meaning that reason alone, without appealing at the same time, can give a good set of reasons to believe. To support this claim, Aquinas refers to "The Argument from Motion", proposing that: 1) Some things are in motion (an "a posteriori" claim1) 2) Everything that is moved is moved by a other [because nothing can be or must be moved itself (p. 128)]3) ...... middle of paper ......or.org/discover/10.2307/40021208?uid=3739448&uid =2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=3737720&uid=4&sid =21103070119093>6-Kemerling, Garth. “Berkeley Immaterialism.” Berkeley Immaterialism. Np, November 12, 2011. Web. November 28, 2013. .7- Downing, Lisa. “George Berkeley.” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Stanford University, September 10, 2004. Web. Nov. 28, 2013. .8- McDermid, Douglas. “The existence of God”. PHIL 1000H-B Lecture 9. Trent University, Peterborough. November 21, 2013. Lecture 9- Bennett, Jonathan. “Berkeley and God.” Cambridge University Press: Royal Institute of Philosophy: Philosophy 40.153 (1965): 207-21. Print.10- “Definition of Neoplatonism in English.” Neoplatonism. Oxford Dictionaries, 2013. Web. November 29. 2013. .